James eochb



J. ROCHE.

(ModeL) LOOK.

Patented July 3, 1883.

INVIIN TOR WITNESSES Wm ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES ROCHE, or TERRYVILLE, oo'NNno'rIoU'r, Assienoa ro THE EAGLE LOOKCOMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

LOCK.-

SPECIFICATION: forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,517, dated July 3,1883.

Application filed February 12,1883. (Modeh T all whom it may concern:

- ville, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, haveinvented a new and Im-' proved Lock, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to that class of locks having a sheet-metal keywhich is inserted in a projecting key-barrel. Reference is to'be had tothe accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, inwhich similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in allthe figures.

Figure 1 is a front view of the lock. Fig. 2f 1 is an elevation of thesame, showing the front plate removed. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectionalelevation of the same on line as at, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a longitudinalsectional elevation of the same on line 3 3/, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is alongitudi nalview of the back plate and bolt, showing the other lockmechanism removed. Fig. 6 is a longitudinalview of the key used for myimproved lock. 7

On the back plate, A, a cap or box, B, is se- 2 5 cured by means ofscrews or otherwise, which cap or box contains the lock mechanism, andis provided with a barrel or :cylinder, 0, proj gting from the said cap,which barrel is proid d tj its outer end with an inwardly-pro- 0 jectingannular flange, D, provided with two diametrically-opposite notches, d,which an-' nular flange forms a guide for the key while the same isbeing turned on its longitudinal axis when inserted in the barrel, aswill be 5 fully described hereinafter. Into the circular opening in theouter end of the barrel 0 a circular head, E, fits, which is formed onthe upper end of a spindle, F, provided at its lower end with a pivot,F, passing into an opening, 0 F, in the back plate, A, on which pivot Fthe spindle F and its head E turn, the center of the said pivotF beinginthe longitudinal central axis of the barrel 0. The head E is providedwith a laterally-projecting annular 5 ridge, E, fitting against theunder side of the annular flange D. The. head E is provided with"twodiametrically opposite vertical notches, e, of the same width as thenotches d. The pivot F passes through an opening, G, in the bolt G,which is held toslide on the back plate, A the said bolt being guided inits movement by a pin 3f projecting upward from Be it known that I,JAMES RocHE, of Terrythe upper surface of. back plate into alongitudinal guide-slot, g, in the bolt G. Aplate,

H,rests loosely to turn on the bolt 7G, and is united with the spindle-Fin such a manner that it can turn with the same; and the said plate H isprovided with two upwardly-projecting ridges or jaws, H, in which aseries of tumblers, .J, are pivoted between theirends by means of atransverse pintle, K, passing through the vertical plates or jaws-H. Thetumblers are each of a different shape, as in all locks, and are soplaced that one end of each tumbler projects beyond the edge of theplate H. Springs L, secured to the plate H,

press theopposite ends .of the tumblers upward, so that those'endsprojecting beyond the edge of the plate H will be pressed downward.Those ends-0f the tumblers projecting beyond the edges of the plate Hhave their lower edges, m, beveled, to adapt the said edges to fit intobeveled recesses, forming a rack, M, in

the upper surface of the back plate, A. A bridge-ward, N, consisting ofa bridge project ing-from the upper surface of the 'back plate, isprovided in its upper end with one or more teeth, 0, projecting towardthe central pivot of the lock. Thetumblers are provided at the endsprojecting over the plate H with notches n, through which the teeth 0pass when the lock is being opened or closed. A pintle, 0,

projects from the plate H into the opening G" in the plate G. The key 1?is provided with a longitudinal recess, Q, in its lower end, and alsowith a series of notches, p, in the lower end, which notches arearranged according to the shapes of the tumblers, and can be arranged invarious diifere'nt ways. In its 1on5 gitudinal edges the key is providedwith two opposite notches, s, which are of suflicient width to permitthe annular flange'D of the barrel 0 to pass into them. The upper end ofthe longitudinal recess Q must project up to the upper edges of thenotches s.

The operation is as follows: When the bolt is thrown, as shown in Fig.3, to lock the" into the recesses between the teethof the rack IOO bythe springs L. I As long as the teeth are in this position the plate H,which carriesthe entire lock mechanism, and which moves-the bolt, cannotbe turned; and, furthermore, even if the ends of the tumblers could beforced out of the rack the ends of the tumblers would and on alevel-with the teeth 0, so that the said teeth can pass through thenotches at; but the tumblers can only be raised in the abovedescribedrposition by means of a key the inner end of which is notched in such amanner that it depresses the tumblers more or lessthat is to say,depresses each tumbler only to such an extent that its outer end will beraised to the desired height to permit the teeth a to pass through thenotches 11. As the tumblers are pivoted between their ends, their outerends will be raised, when the inner ends are depressed. by means of akey, and as the tumblers are pivoted near their middle, they will bealmost balanced, and but very weak springs L will be required to raisethe inner ends of the tumblers, and no great exertiorror force isrequired to press the key into the barrel and to depress the inner endsof the tumblers for releasing the plate H. It is absolutely necessarythat the key should always be held in the same position while it isbeing turned, as otherwise it might happen that some of the tumblers areraised or lowered while the key is being turned. When the bolt is thrownor contained altogether'within the lock-casing, the notches e 6 will beopposite the notches d d, and through the aperture formed ,by thenotehesd e the shanks of the key can be in serted. \Vhen the 'key hasbeen inserted to such an extent as to depress the inner ends of i thetumblers as much as is requisite, the key can be turned, as the notchess of the key will then be in such a position that the annular flange Dcan pass into the same. The annular flange D forms a guide for the keywhile the same is being turned, and prevents the key from being raisedor lowered during the abovedescribed movement. The key turns the head 1E, the spindle F, on which the head is formed, and the plate H,connected with the spindle F, r

of the form specified will avail to shoot the which plate carries theentire lock mechanism. I have thus provided a lock in'which the en- 5 5tire mechanism turns with the spindle, which is turned by the key. Thelock is perfectly secure, as it can be opened only by the key fittingthe same. It is very simple in construction, is cheap, and innumerablevaria- 6o tions and modifications can be made for any variety of keyswithout deviating from the general principle of the lock.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination,'with the back plate, A,having opening F and pin f, and the lockcap barrel C, provided with acircular opening at the outer end, and aflange having 0ppositel notches,d d, of the spindle F, having circular head E, with ridge E and notchese, and the pivot F, the slide-bolt G. slotted at g, and provided withopening G, and the tumbler-plate H, adapted to turn with the spindle,whereby the mechanism will turn with the spindle, as described.

2. The combination, with the plate H, having jaws :H, of thedifferently-shaped tumblers J, pivoted in said. jaws, projecting withone end beyond said plate and beveled at their lower edges, the rack Mon plate A, the springs L, and the bridgeward having teeth 0, wherebythe plate H is locked, so thatonly a key 5 bolt back, as described. 7

3; Ina lock, the combination, with a back plate, A, provided with arack, M, of the tumblers J, having beveled ends adapted to engage withthe teeth of the said rack, and the plate H, for carrying the tumblers,substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose setforth.

4. In a lock, the combination, with a bolt, G, provided with an opening,G, of the plate H, provided with a pintle, O, extending into the openingG, the standard F, on which the plate H ismounted, the bridge-wardN,.and a series of tumblers pivoted 011 the plate H, substantially asherein shown and described, I00 and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES ROCHE.

\Vitnesses:

J ASON C. FENN, R. J. PLUM

